About
Securing Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings (GEB) through Cyber Defense and Resilient System (CYDRES)
The current generation of Building Automation System (BAS) is designed and operated with little consideration of cyber security. Many building systems, especially the emerging Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings (GEBs), are vulnerable to cyber-attacks that may have adverse or even severe consequences, e.g., occupant discomfort, energy wastage, equipment downtime, and disruption of grid operation. Importantly, current physical behavior-based anomaly detection methods fail to differentiate cyber-attacks from equipment or operational faults. Such distinction is needed to ensure appropriate automated mitigation via control response to cyber-threats and provide actionable recommendations to the facility manager. To address these issues, the project team proposes to research, develop, and demonstrate a real-time advanced building resilient platform, called CYber Defense and REsilient System (CYDRES), deployable for existing and emerging Building Automation Systems (BAS), to empower GEB with cyber-attack-immune capabilities through multi-layer prevention, detection, and adaptation.
Recent News
- Jul. 2024. Our recent work, Emulation and detection of physical faults and cyber-attacks on building energy systems through real-time hardware-in-the-loop experiments, was published in Energy and Buildings.
- Apr. 2024. Our recent work, A hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testbed for cyber-physical energy systems in smart commercial buildings, was published in Science and Technology for the Built Environment.
- Mar. 2024. The final technical report of our DOE CYDRES project has been released (please visit this DOE OSTI website).
- Dec. 2023. A demonstration video for the DOE CYDRES project is publicly available (Please click here).
- Nov. 2023. The team gave two oral presentations at the 10th ACM International Conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings, Cities, and Transportation held in Istanbul, Turkey. 1: CYDRES: CYber Defense and REsilient System for securing grid-interactive efficient buildings. 2: Dynamic Bayesian Networks for Fault Prognosis.
- Nov. 2023. The team presented the project at the 2023 Texas Energy Summit at the State of Texas Capitol Building.
- Mar. 2023. Our recent work, A critical review of cyber-physical security for building automation systems, was published in Annual Reviews in Control.
- Sep. 2022. Our recent work, A cosine-based correlation information entropy approach for building automatic fault detection baseline construction, was published in Science and Technology for the Built Environment.
- Dec. 2021. Our recent work, Modeling and evaluation of cyber-attacks on grid-interactive efficient buildings, was published in Applied Energy.
- Nov. 2021. Our recent work, A flexible and generic functional mock-up unit based threat injection framework for grid-interactive efficient buildings: A case study in Modelica, was published in Energy and Buildings.
- July. 2020. TAMU News about our CYDRES project.
- Jun. 2020. The DOE CYDRES project is officially launched.
Principal Investigators
Zheng O’Neill, Texas A&M University
Dr. O’Neill is an Associate Professor at J. Mike Walker ’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering at Texas A&M University at College Station. She is a registered Professional Engineer and has more than 20 years of experience in building technology covering integrated building energy and control systems design, modeling and optimization, building commissioning, and low- energy/net-zero energy buildings. She has led or been involved with proposals leading to external research awards totaling over $15 million since 2014, and has over 100 journal and conference papers published.
Veronica Adetola, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Dr. Adetola is a Control Systems Scientist with expertise in model predictive control, robust and adaptive control, machine learning for control, dynamical system analysis, and control architecture design. She has more than ten years’ experience in research, development, and demonstration of advanced technology solutions for energy-efficient systems, grid-interactive buildings, transport refrigeration, and aerospace air management systems. Before joining PNNL in 2019, Veronica worked at the United Technologies Research Center where she contributed to and successfully led activities in support of multiple UTC businesses and government-funded research programs.
Timothy C Wagner, Raytheon Technologies Research Center
Dr. Tim Wagner is a Principal Engineer at United Technologies Research Center (UTRC) with over 30 years of experience in leading innovative programs to develop and implement advanced technology solutions. Dr. Wagner holds a B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from Virginia Tech. During his doctoral program he was a NASA Fellow at NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. Dr. Wagner is an Associate Fellow of AIAA and a member of ASHRAE and ASME. Dr. Wagner is currently engaged in multiple contract efforts for the U.S. Department of Energy; Advanced Research Projects Agency – Energy; and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security related to energy efficiency and cost effective sense and response systems for biological and chemical threats in commercial buildings. He also leads UTRC’s involvement in the Clean Energy Smart Manufacturing Innovation Institute (CESMII) and supports strategic planning and National Laboratory involvement for the Manufacturing & Service Technologies Program Office.
Fu Lin, Raytheon Technologies Research Center
Dr. Lin is a Staff Reserach Engineer in the Control Systems Group at United Technologies Research Center. He received his B.S. degree in instrument science and engineering from Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China, in 2005, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical and computer engineering from University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, in 2012. He was a Postdoctoral Research Associate at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, and the mathematics and computer science division of Argonne National Laboratory, before joining United Technologies Research Center in 2016. His research interests include modeling, control, and optimization of distributed systems.
Lingyu Ren, Raytheon Technologies Research Center
Dr. Ren is a Senior Engineer in the Control Systems Group at United Technologies Research Center. received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from Shandong University,
Jinan, China, in 2010, the M.Sc. degree in electric power system and automation from China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, China, in 2013, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering with the University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA., in 2018. Her current research interests include microgrid, power system resilience, distributed control, and software defined networking.
Jin Wen, Drexel University
Dr. Wen is a Professor in the Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering at Drexel University. She has more than 20 years of experience in building control, operation, AFDD, indoor air quality, and occupant behavior simulation areas and has published more than 40 journal papers in these areas. She has served as an energy consultant for Philadelphia Housing Authority for three years and has provided policy and technical advice for their low and high rise residential buildings.
Kasim Selcuk Candan, Arizona State University
K. Selçuk Candan is a professor of computer science and engineering at Arizona State University and the director of ASU’s Center for Assured and Scalable Data Engineering (CASCADE). His primary research interest is in the area of management and analysis of non-traditional, heterogeneous, and imprecise (such as multimedia, web, and scientific) data. He has published over 170 journal and peer-reviewed conference articles, one book, and 16 book chapters. He has 9 patents. Prof. Candan served as an associate editor of for the Very Large Databases (VLDB) journal and IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.
Teresa Wu, Arizona State University
Dr. Wu is a professor in Industrial Engineering Program at School of Computing, Informatics, Decision Systems Engineering of Arizona State University. She received her doctorate from the University of Iowa. She is National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER award winner (2003) and ASU tenure and promotion exemplar (2006). Her main areas of interests are in Distributed Decision Support, Distributed Information System. Recently, she has been actively involved with health informatics with collaborators from Mayo Clinic, Banner Alzheimer Institute, Duke CIVM Center, University of Nebraska Lincoln Medical Center.In 2011, she was appointed an associate professor of radiology informatics at Mayo Clinic.
Qi Zhu, Northwestern University
Dr. Zhu received the B.E. in Computer Science from Tsinghua University, and the Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering & Computer Science from the University of California, Berkeley. His research interests include design automation for intelligent cyber-physical systems (CPS) and Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications, cyber-physical security, machine learning for CPS/IoT, energy-efficient CPS, and system-on-chip design. Recent work in his group has been focusing on system-level synthesis, optimization, verification, and modeling methodologies for intelligent cyber-physical systems. We are particularly interested in addressing timing, heterogeneity, security, adaptability, and energy challenges in CPS design and operation. We work on applications in the domains of connected and autonomous vehicles, robotics, smart buildings and infrastructures, and IoT.
Publications
Journal Papers:
- Li, Guowen, Lingyu Ren, Yangyang Fu, Zhiyao Yang, Veronica Adetola, Jin Wen, Qi Zhu, Teresa Wu, K. Selcuk Candanf, and Zheng O’Neill. “A critical review of cyber-physical security for building automation systems.” Annual Reviews in Control (2023).
- Huang, Jiajing, Hyunsoo Yoon, Ojas Pradhan, Teresa Wu, Jin Wen, Zheng O’neill, and Kasim Selcuk Candan. “A cosine-based correlation information entropy approach for building automatic fault detection baseline construction.” Science and Technology for the Built Environment 28, no. 9 (2022): 1138-1149.
- Fu, Yangyang, Zheng O’Neill, Zhiyao Yang, Veronica Adetola, Jin Wen, Lingyu Ren, Tim Wagner, Qi Zhu, and Terresa Wu. “Modeling and evaluation of cyber-attacks on grid-interactive efficient buildings.” Applied Energy 303 (2021): 117639.
- Fu, Yangyang, Zheng O’Neill, and Veronica Adetola. “A flexible and generic functional mock-up unit based threat injection framework for grid-interactive efficient buildings: A case study in Modelica.” Energy and Buildings 250 (2021): 111263.
Conference Papers:
- Pradhan, Ojas, Jin Wen, Mengyuan Chu, and Zheng O’Neill. “Dynamic Bayesian Networks for Fault Prognosis.” In Proceedings of the 10th ACM International Conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings, Cities, and Transportation, pp. 296-297. 2023.
- Li, Guowen, Zheng O’Neill, Jin Wen, Ojas Pradhan, Lingyu Ren, Teresa Wu, Veronica Adetola, K. Selcuk Candan, and Qi Zhu. “CYDRES: CYber Defense and REsilient System for securing grid-interactive efficient buildings.” In Proceedings of the 10th ACM International Conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings, Cities, and Transportation, pp. 307-309. 2023.
- Li, Guowen, Zhiyao Yang, Yangyang Fu, Lingyu Ren, Zheng O’Neill, and Chirag Parikh. “Development of A Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) Testbed for Cyber-Physical Security in Smart Buildings”, 2023 ASHRAE Winter Conference in Atlanta, GA, Feb 4-8, 2023.
- Chu, Mengyuan, Yangyang Fu, Zheng O’Neill. “Maximum-Impact Adversary Design for Network-Based Control System: Case Study on Grid-Interactive Efficient Buildings”, 2023 ASHRAE Winter Conference in Atlanta, GA, Feb 4-8, 2023.
- Jiajing Huang, Teng Li, Yanzhe Xu, Teresa Wu, Hyunsoo Yoon, Jennifer R. Charlton and Kevin M. Bennett, “EE-SMOTE: An oversampling method in conjunction with information entropy for imbalanced learning”, Proceedings of the IISE Annual Conference & Expo, pp. 1-6, 2022.
Team
Advisory Board
Sponsor
